Universal Scaling of Ballistic Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Nanocontacts

We show that ballistic magnetoresistance exhibits universal scaling in atomic or nanometer scale contacts. Plotting the data as conductance, we find that, if the maximum magnetoconductance is normalized to unity and the conductance is scaled with the conductivity of the bulk material, the data fall in a narrow region, independent of the nanocontact materials, for our four data sets and four from the literature. The results agree with a theory that takes into account spin-scattering within a magnetic-domain wall.