Nitrogen functionalities assisted nanoporous carbon materials for supercapacitor studies

Energy storage and conversion technologies contribute a pivotal role in addressing the energy demands of global energy consumption. Supercapacitors (SCs) are among the prominent technology carrying unique features like high power density and long cycle life. They have diverse applications in consumer electronics, voltage stabilizers, energy recovery in regenerative braking systems, power tools, battery assistance in automotive, and others. Despite having tremendous advantages, the current technology of SCs are still limited by low energy density (E.D), which thus hinders their application when long-term energy storage is specifically required, for example, batteries. Having said that, several approaches have been studied using carbon-based electrode materials, the most promising electrode material, to enhance the E.D without compromising longevity. In this chapter we discuss how the SCs energy density or the capacitance can be enhanced or how they are directly influenced by several deciding parameters, such as morphology variation, pore texture distribution, heteroatoms concentration, and electrolyte voltage endurance, and thus may enable performance enhancement. The experimental investigation shows an insightful understanding to unlock the complete potential of SCs for high energy density roles.