Graphene Oxide Hierarchical Patterns for the Derivation of Electrophysiologically Functional Neuron-like Cells from Human Neural Stem Cells

Kisuk Yang, Jaehong Lee, Jong Seung Lee, Dayeong Kim, Gyeong Eon Chang, Jungmok Seo, Eunji Cheong, Taeyoon Lee, Seung Woo Cho

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

81 Scopus citations

Abstract

Graphene has shown great potential for biomedical engineering applications due to its electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, and biocompatibility. Topographical cues of culture substrates or tissue-engineering scaffolds regulate the behaviors and fate of stem cells. In this study, we developed a graphene oxide (GO)-based patterned substrate (GPS) with hierarchical structures capable of generating synergistic topographical stimulation to enhance integrin clustering, focal adhesion, and neuronal differentiation in human neural stem cells (hNSCs). The hierarchical structures of the GPS were composed of microgrooves (groove size: 5, 10, and 20 μm), ridges (height: 100-200 nm), and nanoroughness surfaces (height: 10 nm). hNSCs grown on the GPS exhibited highly elongated, aligned neurite extension along the ridge of the GPS and focal adhesion development that was enhanced compared to that of cells grown on GO-free flat substrates and GO substrates without the hierarchical structures. In particular, GPS with a groove width of 5 μm was found to be the most effective in activating focal adhesion signaling, such as the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin, thereby improving neuronal lineage commitment. More importantly, electrophysiologically functional neuron-like cells exhibiting sodium channel currents and action potentials could be derived from hNSCs differentiated on the GPS even in the absence of any of the chemical agents typically required for neurogenesis. Our study demonstrates that GPS could be an effective culture platform for the generation of functional neuron-like cells from hNSCs, providing potent therapeutics for treating neurodegenerative diseases and neuronal disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)17763-17774
Number of pages12
JournalACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume8
Issue number28
DOIs
StatePublished - 20 Jul 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Chemical Society.

Keywords

  • electrophysiology
  • focal adhesion
  • graphene oxide pattern
  • hierarchical topography
  • human neural stem cell
  • neuronal differentiation

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