Dual roles of P2 purinergic receptors in insulin-stimulated leptin production and lipolysis in differentiated rat white adipocytes

ATP is co-localized with norepinephrine at the sympathetic nerve terminals and may be released simultaneously upon neuronal stimulation, which results in activation of purinergic receptors. To examine whether leptin synthesis and lipolysis are influenced by P2 purinergic receptor activation, the effects of ATP and other nucleotides on leptin secretion and glycerol release have been investigated in differentiated rat white adipocytes. Firstly, insulin-induced leptin secretion was inhibited by nucleotide treatment with the following efficacy order: 3′-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl ATP (BzATP) > ATP ≫ UTP. Secondly, treatment of adipocytes with ATP increased both intracellular Ca ²⁺ concentration and cAMP content. Intracellular calcium concentration was increased by ATP and UTP, but not BzATP, an effect attributed to phospholipase C-coupled P2Y₂. On the other hand, cAMP was generated by treatment with BzATP and ATPγS, but not UTP, indicating functional expression of adenylyl cyclase-coupled PSY₁₁ receptors in white adipocytes. Thirdly, lipolysis was significantly activated by BzATP and ATP, which correlated with the characteristics of the PSY₁₁ subtype. Taken together, the data presented here suggest that white adipocytes express at least two different types of P2Y receptors and that activation of PSY ₁₁ receptor might be involved in inhibition of leptin production and stimulation of lipolysis, suggesting that purinergic transmission can play an important role in white adipocyte physiology.